In the real world, many of the optimization issues are dynamic, uncertain, and Complex in which the objective function or constraints can be changed over time. Consequently, the optimum of these issues is changed nonlinearly. Therefore, the optimization algorithms not only should search the global optimum value in the space but also should follow the path of optimal change in dynamic environment. Accordingly, several researchers believe in the effectiveness of following a series of optimums compared to a global optimum. Therefore, when an environment is changed, following a global optimum in a series of best optimums is more efficient. Evolutionary algorithms (EA) were inspired by biological and natural evolution. Because of changing characteristic of nature, it can be a good option for dynamic optimization. In recent years, different methods have been proposed to improve EA of static environments. One of the most common methods is multi-population method. In this method, the whole space is divided into sub-spaces. Each sub-space covers some local optimums and represents a sub-population. The algorithm updates the particles of each sub-space and searches the best optimum. The most challenging issue of multi-population method is to create the desired number of sub-population and people to cover different sub-spaces in the search space. In the present study, in order to deal with the challenges, a new algorithm based on particle optimization algorithm, which is called decrement and increment particle optimization algorithm, was proposed. The algorithm is able to follow and find the number of time-varied optimum in an environment with invisible changes by increasing or decreasing the number of particles adaptively. Another challenging issue in dynamic optimization is the detection of environmental changes, due to the impossibility of this issue and failure of detection-based algorithms. In the proposed method, there is no need to detect the environmental changes and it always adapts itself to the environment. Furthermore, the terms of focused search area were defined to emphasize on promising spaces to accelerate the local search process and prevent early convergence. The results of the proposed algorithm were evaluated on moving peaks and compared with several valid algorithms. The results showed the positive effect of decrement/increment mechanism of particles on finding and following time of many optimums compared to other multi-population based optimization algorithm.

Introduction: Carney Complex is an autosomal dominant syndrome that is defined with different tumors including myxoma in different organs, endocrine tumors and lentiginosis lesions. This is the first case report of this syndrome from Iran.Case: The patient is a 27 year old girl, referred with flank pain. Physical examination revealed hirsutism, truncal obesity, hyperpigmantasion and hypertension; Cushing's syndrome was suggested and confirmed with related classic biochemical tests. She had history of cardiac myxoma during her childhood and had been operated twice.Pituitary microadenoma and right adrenal adenoma were reported on MRI and CT-scan, respectively. Initially laparascopic right adrenalectomy was done; as expected, no remission in signs of Cushing's syndrome was observed after surgery. By laparoscopic adrenalectomy of the other site, Cushing's syndrome resolved. Pathologic report of 1st operation was adrenal adenoma with surrounding pigmented micronodular hyperplasia and of the 2nd one was just pigmented micronodular hyperplasia.Conclusion: We have reported a patient with Carney syndrome along with Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and an adenoma in contralateral adrenal and microadenoma of the pituitary as an incidentaloma. This is a new presentation of Carney syndrome.

This paper introduces rough I₂-lacunary statistical convergence for Complex uncertain double sequences (CUDS), extending concepts of rough convergence, rough lacunary statistical convergence, and rough I₂-convergence. We explore this notion across four aspects of uncertainty: almost surely, measure, mean, and distribution. Additionally, we investigate rough I₂-lacunary statistical convergence in p-distance and metric spaces for CUDS. The study illustrates the interconnectedness of these convergence concepts and offers observations on their relationships.

In the present paper, we aim to generalize the notion of Complex-type Fibonacci sequences to Complex-type cyclic Fibonacci sequences. Firstly, we define the Complex-type cyclic-Fibonacci sequence and then we give miscellaneous  properties of this sequence by using the matrix method. Also, we study the Complex-type cyclic-Fibonacci sequence modulo $m$. In addition, we describe the Complex-type cyclic-Fibonacci sequence in a $2$-generator group and investigate that in finite groups in details. Then, as our last result, we obtain the lengths of the periods of the Complex-type cyclic-Fibonacci sequences in dihedral groups $D_{2}$, $D_{3}$, $D_{4}$, $D_{5}$, $D_{6}$ and $D_{8}$ with respect to their generating sets.

Background: Tuberculosis is an important cause of death in some countries. The world health organization estimates that if stronger measures are not taken up to control the prevalence of this disease, from2000 to 2020 a billion people will be infected by the bacterium. According to time consuming of common detection methods of Mycobacterium tuberculosis such as culture, it is necessary to evaluate a rapid detection tests such as PCR. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis may have profound effects in patients’care According to importance of rapid detection and treatment of tuberculosis and for determine of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PCR by using IS6110 this study was done in Kashan university of medical science.Methods: A total of 248 sputum samples from patients suspected of mycobacterial diseases were studied. DNA was extracted by boiling method. IS6110 PCR method by a specific pair of primers designed to amplify123bp and 245bp sequences of the insertion sequence, 6110, in the M. tuberculosis genome was used to analyze sputum samples.Results: 32 out of 248 (12.9%) of samples had positive culture. PCR yielded a sensitivity of93.8 % and specificity of 99.1% for the diagnosis of TB patients with TB confirmed by culture. There were two out of32 (6.3%) PCR-positive cases among the patients with non-TB disease.Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that Multiplex PCR may provide a faster method of detecting tuberculosis, thus enhancing diagnostic procedures and we conclude that the performance of anIS6110 PCR assay is valuable in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.

The Shahini ophiolitic Complex in the west of Iran and northwest of Kamyaran, as a ring connection between the Kermanshah and the Kurdistan ophiolites exposed along the Zagros and the Neotethys suture zone. The Complex contains the mantle peridotites and the crustal sequence. The peridotites with cpx-bearing harzburgite and lherzolite are serpentinized and cross cut by isolated diabasic dikes. The crustal sequence consists of pegmatitic and isotropic gabbros, microgabbroic dykes, basalt and pyroclastic andesite. The sedimentary-volcanic sequence is dominated by radiolarite, shale, pelagic limestones, sandstone and tuff horizons covering the extrusive sequence. Based on chemical analyses, the crustal sequence ranges in composition, from tholeiitic to calcalkaline. On the tectonomagmatic diagrams these rocks are mainly plotted on the MORB field and occasionlly, are clustered in the volcanic arc region. The LILE enrichment, slight depletion in HFSE as well as the enrichment of some LREEs along with linear trends of HREE suggest that the parent magma originated in the arc environment from the heterogeneous mantle with varying degrees of partial melting. However, the low ratios of Th/Yb, La/Nb, Ce/Nb and Ce/Th indicate the tendency between the IAB and MORB environments. The depth of partial melting estimated at the depth of 50 to 60 km representing the partial melting of spinel lherzolite mantle. Field relationships and geochemical evidences indicate that the Kamyaran ophiolites formed in oceanic basin in the ocean-continent borders zone in the north portion of the Neotethys Ocean.

Accompany with technology improvement، traditional systems have been superseded with Complex engineering systems. Operation in uncertain and dynamic environments is one of the most important characteristics of these types of systems. The perturbations، which exist in uncertain and dynamic environments، can extremely affect the value delivery of Complex engineering systems to their stakeholders. So improving the ability of these systems against uncertainty seems inevitable. Therefore، in this study we have proposed some design principles and rules which when added to system architecture leads to have more viable systems against perturbations in uncertain and dynamic environments. Also، a 7 step mathematical model is presented for analyzing the amount of design principles’ impact on systems ability against uncertainty. The main characteristics of proposed model are: describing the uncertainty in the operational environment، analyzing how the uncertainty will affect the functional and physical characteristics of the system and finally representing the regions in the system architecture that are mostly impacted by the operational uncertainties The applicability of the proposed model is presented by using a descriptive example of synthetic aperture radar satellite as a Complex engineering system and finally the results of that have been analyzed by more details.

Introduction: Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), previously termed Pierre Robin syndrome, consists of three congenital abnormalities: micrognathia (small mandible), glossoptosis, and cleft palate. In Pierre Robin sequence, the events occur in sequence, with one defect leading to the next. PRS occurs with an incidence of 1 in 8500 to 25000. Affected newborns have varying degrees of airway obstruction, often in association with gastroesophageal reflux and feeding difficulties. Intervention is mostly aimed at restoring a patent airway.Case Reports: Airway management in the infant with Pierre Robin sequence can be very challenging because of difficulty with mask ventilation and intubation. Our patient was a 4-year old boy with Robin sequence scheduled for dental repair under general anesthesia. He had a history of palate repair 3 years ago. After inhalation induction with sevofluran, nitrous-oxide in oxygen‚ under spontaneous ventilation, initial laryngeal view with the conventional Macintosh laryngoscope revealed Cormack-Lehane grade IIӀ due to restricted mouth opening and micrognathia. Nasal intubation for two times under the spontaneous respiration were unsuccessful. We fiberoptically intubated the patient with uncuffed tracheal tube (ID 5 mm) while allowing him to breathe spontaneously. Extubation was done with the patient fully awake and with emergency airway equipment immediately available. Postoperatively, he was transferred to intensive care unit where he could be observed closely for delayed complications of airway obstruction.Conclusion: Managing the airway of patients with craniofacial abnormalities can potentially be difficult. Therefore we recommend even simple treatment procedures to be carried out by experienced anesthesiologists, with a variety of different airway devices available such as flexible fiberoptic‚ Storz video laryngoscope and Airtraq optical laryngoscope.